- Experiences on retrofitting of low strength masonry buildings by different retrofitting techniques in Nepal
- C. Stoakes ; G.M. Verderame ; F De Luca ; M.T. De Risi ; C. Del Gaudio ; P. Ricci ; J.K. McIntosh ; J. Mitrani-Reiser ; T.D. Kirsch ; S. Giovinazzi ; C. Jacques ; T.M. Wilson ; M.W. Stirling ; M. Gerstenberger ; Graeme H. McVerry ; K. Lee ; T.-H. Lee ; S. Han ; H. Kim ; H. Shrestha ; R. Guragain ; S. Pradhan
- The 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Lisbon, Portugal, Paper No. 2012
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2012 , Volume: , Series:
- Repair and Retrofit of Structures
- Keywords: Masonry Structures
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- Bridge piers having structural fuses and bi-steel columns I: experimental testing.
- S. El-Bahey ; M. Bruneau
- ASCE Journal of Bridge Engineering, 17 (1), pages 25-35.
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2012 , Volume: , Series:
- Bridge management ; Bridges
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- A gradual spread inelasticity model for R/C beam-columns, accounting for flexure, shear and anchorage slip
- P. Mergos ; A. Kappos
- Book Title / Journal: Engineering Structures
- Year: 2012 , Volume: 44 , Series:
- Structure types ; Concrete structures
- Description
- A new beam-column model is developed for the seismic analysis of reinforced concrete (R/C) structures. This finite element consists of two interacting, gradual spread inelasticity sub-elements representing inelastic flexural and shear response and two rotational springs at the ends of
the member to model anchorage slip effects. The flexural sub-element is able to capture gradual spread of flexural yielding in plastic hinge regions of R/C members. The shear sub-element interacts throughout the analysis with the flexural sub-element, in the location of the plastic hinge regions, in order to capture gradual spread of inelastic shear deformations as well as degradation of shear strength with curvature ductility demand based on an analytical procedure proposed herein. The skeleton curves and hysteretic behaviour in all three deformation mechanisms are determined on the basis of analytical procedures and hysteretic models found to match adequately the experimental
results. Empirical formulae are proposed for the shear distortion at onset of stirrup yielding and onset of shear failure. The proposed element is implemented in the general finite element code for damage analysis of R/C structures IDARC and is validated against experimental results involving R/C column and frame specimens failing in shear subsequent to yielding in flexure. It is shown that the model can capture well the hysteretic response and predict reliably the type of failure of these specimens.
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- Bridge piers having structural fuses and bi-steel columns II: analytical investigation.
- S. El-Bahey ; M. Bruneau
- ASCE Journal of Bridge Engineering, 17 (1), pages 36-46.
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2012 , Volume: , Series:
- Bridge management ; Bridges
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- Case study on the impact of horizontal boundary elements design on seismic behavior of steel plate shear walls.
- R. Purba ; M. Bruneau
- ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering. 138 (5), pages 647-657.
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2012 , Volume: , Series:
- Earthquake engineering
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- Behavior of self-centering steel plate shear walls and design considerations.
- D. Dowden ; R. Purba ; M. Bruneau
- ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering, 138 (1), pages 11-21.
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2012 , Volume: , Series:
- Earthquake engineering
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- Experimental investigation of self-centering steel plate shear walls.
- D. Dowden ; P.J. Clayton ; T. Winkley ; J. Berman ; M. Bruneau ; L.M. Lowes
- ASCE/SEI Structures Congress, Chicago.
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2012 , Volume: , Series:
- Earthquake engineering
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- Integrated fire engineering and response - case studies.
- F. Wald ; I. Burgess ; G. Rein ; L. Kwasniewski ; P.V. Real ; K. Horova
- CTU Publishing Production, Czech Technical University in Prague.
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2012 , Volume: , Series:
- Other Structural
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- Critical success factors for safety program implementation among construction companies in Saudi Arabia
- S. Al Haadir ; K. Panuwatwanich
- Book Title / Journal: Procedia Engineering
- Year: 2011 , Volume: Vol.14 , Series:
- Other Structural
- Description
- Saudi Arabia is considered one of the fastest growing countries in the Middle East. Despite this fact, the overall level of construction safety in Saudi Arabia has been relatively low. Many construction companies in Saudi Arabia have tried to control the rising costs of accidents and reduce projects delays due to the accidents; however, they do not know why the safety programs do not work efficiently, or where to start. This study has a main aim which is identifying the critical factors affecting the successful implementation of safety programs among construction companies in Saudi Arabia. Considering the current lack of understanding on these factors within this particular context, this study is the first and essential step to promoting comprehensive safety programs implementation within the Saudi Arabia construction industry. To achieve this aim, this study examined and synthesised numerous factors identified in past research studies on construction safety, whereby a set of factors was developed. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was then conducted to prioritise these factors, based on the input from a group of experts representing 18 construction companies in Saudi Arabia. Finally, Pareto principle was employed to develop seven most critical success factors, which represent the areas where companies should focus their attention and effort to achieve better safety levels through effective implementation programs.
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- Cost effectiveness of using low cost housing technologies in construction
- V. Tam
- Book Title / Journal: Procedia Engineering
- Year: 2011 , Volume: Vol.14 , Series:
- Other Structural
- Description
- Adequate shelter for all people is one of the pressing challenges faced by the developing countries. India is currently facing a shortage of about 17.6 million houses. The dream of owning a house particularly for low-income and middle-income families is becoming a difficult reality. Hence, it has become a necessity to adopt cost effective, innovative and environment-friendly housing technologies for the construction of houses and buildings for enabling the common people to construct houses at affordable cost. This paper compares construction cost for the traditional and low cost housing technologies. Case studies in India are used for the investigation. Construction methods of foundation, walling, roofing and lintel are compared. Strength and durability of the structure, stability, safety and mental satisfaction are factors that assume top priority during cost reduction. It is found that about 26.11% and 22.68% of the construction cost can be saved by using low cost housing technologies in comparison with the traditional construction methods in the case studies for walling and roofing respectively. This proves that using low cost housing technologies is a cost effective construction approach for the industry.
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- A new approach to the teaching of structural mechanics
- N. Lam
- Book Title / Journal: Procedia Engineering
- Year: 2011 , Volume: Vol.14 , Series:
- Other Structural
- Description
- This paper illustrates the innovative use of EXCEL spreadsheets for introducing some elementary concepts of structural analysis in undergraduate teaching. The interactive and transparent attributes of the spreadsheet environment have been well exploited. This style of delivery has been extended to solving much more advanced structural analysis problems the illustrations of which have been cited in the paper.
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- Modeling of seismic wave motion in high-rise buildings
- R.R. Zhang ; R.S. Snieder ; L. Gargab ; A. Seibi
- Book Title / Journal: Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics,
- Year: 2011 , Volume: 26, , Series:
- Earthquake engineering
- Description
- This study examines one-dimensional wave propagation in a multi-story building with seismic excitation.
In particular, the building is modeled as a series of shear beams for columns/walls and lumped masses
for floors. Wave response at one location of the building is then derived to an impulsive motion such as
displacement and acceleration at another location in time and frequency domains, termed here as wave-based or generalized impulse and frequency response function (GIRF and GFRF), which is dependent upon
the building characteristics above the impulse location. Not only does this study illustrate features of GIRF
and GFRF in terms of building properties, it also shows broad-based applications of the modeling. Two
examples are presented with the use of the modeling. One is wave-based characterization of ten-story
Millikan Library in Pasadena, California with the recordings of Yorba Linda earthquake of September 3,
2002. The other is analysis for influence of stochastic floor-to-column mass ratio, story-height and seismic
input in seismic wave responses
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- The MITC9 shell element in plate bending: mathematical analysis of a simplified case
- K.J. Bathe ; F. Brezzi ; L.D. Marini
- Book Title / Journal: Computational Mechanics
- Year: 2011 , Volume: 47 , Series:
- Structural Analysis
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- Three-Dimensional Analysis of Masonry Vaults Using Limit State Analyis With Finite Friction
- D.F. D'Ayala ; E. Tomasoni
- Book Title / Journal: International Journal of Architectural Heritage
- Year: 2011 , Volume: 2 , Series: 5
- Structure types ; Masonry Structures
- Keywords: vaults ; pavillion vaults ; Friction ; limit analysis ; Masonry Structures
- Description
- Within the past 20 years, a growing number of methods for the analysis of masonry vaults have been developed. However, most methods idealize the vaults as a system of many arches. This oversimplification could be admissible for barrel vaults and spherical domes under simple gravitational loads, but it cannot do justice to the three-dimensional effects developing 10 in other types of vaults, especially in complex vaults without smooth and continuous surface.
Moreover, although the results could be conservative for uniform load distributions, this model limits substantially the set of loading conditions that can be analyzed and hence
provide an accurate assessment of vaults performance. To clear this limitation, this article proposes a tool for three-dimensional analysis of masonry vaults. Using the lower bound 15 approach and taking into account the friction among block interfaces, the proposed analytical method may give a good indication of the actual surface of thrust within the framework of limit state analysis. Therefore, limit state analysis with finite friction is able to provide the crack pattern, the stress resultants and the horizontal thrust at the supports, important elements with regard to strengthening interventions. To show its simplicity and rigor, the procedure has been applied to pavilion vaults. The results obtained are validated by comparison with nonlinear finite element analysis and an application to a real case study is presented.
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- Seismic design of composite steel deck and concrete-filled diaphragms: A guide for practicing engineers
- W.S. Easterling ; T.A. Sabol ; R. Sabelli
- Book Title / Journal: NIST GCR 11-917-10, National Institute of Standards and Technology - U.S. Department of Commerce
- Year: 2011 , Volume: , Series:
- Earthquake engineering
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