- A Rational Approach to Analytical Modeling of Masonry Infills in Reinforced Concrete Frame Buildings
- H.B. Kaushik ; D.C. Ra ; S.K. Jain
- Book Title / Journal: 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering
- Year: 2008 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Concrete structures ; Earthquake engineering
- Keywords: Masonry Wall ; push over analysis ; analytical modeling
- Description
- Masonry infills, which generally have high stiffness and strength, play a crucial role in lateral load response of reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings. Geographically, there is a large variation in material properties of masonry. Moreover, masonry behaves in a highly nonlinear manner. Therefore, a generalized yet rational model is required for masonry infills that can efficiently incorporate its linear and nonlinear material properties and common failure modes in RC members and masonry infills under the action of lateral forces. Interestingly,
national codes of most of the countries do not specify modeling procedures for such structural systems. On the other hand, several analytical models for masonry infills are available in literature, for example, equivalent diagonal strut models, finite element models, etc. Therefore, a comparative study was carried out considering different analytical models for masonry infills using experimental results for nonlinear material properties of masonry infills. Analytical models considered in the present study include single-strut model, 3-strut model, and finite element models. By linear and non-linear analyses, it was observed that the 3-strut model can estimate force resultants in RC members with sufficient accuracy, in addition to modeling the local failures in infills and in beams and columns due to interaction between masonry infills and RC frame. It was also observed that the single-strut model can be effectively used in cases where masonry infill walls are discontinued in the first-storey to generate parking space (for example, soft or open storey buildings).
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- A novel optical fiber sensor for steel corrosion in concrete structures.
- C.-K. Leung ; K.T. Wan ; L. Chen
- Sensors, Vol. 8, No.3, Pages 1960-1976.
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2008 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Concrete structures
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- Advances on the Design of Thin Surface Structures in Reinforced Concrete
- K. Palacio
- PhD Thesis, Universidade do Minho
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Concrete structures
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- Experimental Investigation of Composite Ultra-High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete and Conventional Concrete Members
- K. Habel ; E. Denarie
- ACI Structural Journal
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Concrete structures
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- Justification of ACI 446 Code Provisions for Shear Design of Reinforced Concrete Beams
- Z.P. Bazant
- ACI Structural Journal
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Concrete structures
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- Multiple Corrosion Protection Systems for Reinforced Concrete Bridge Components
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- Book Title / Journal: Publication No. FHWA-HRT-07-043, U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, McLean, VA, USA
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Concrete structures
- Description
- Eleven systems combining epoxy-coated reinforcement with another corrosion protection system are evaluated using the rapid macrocell, Southern Exposure, cracked beam, and linear polarization resistance tests. The systems include bars that are pretreated with zinc chromate to improve the adhesion between the epoxy and the reinforcing steel; two epoxies with improved adhesion to the reinforcing steel; one inorganic corrosion inhibitor, calcium nitrite; two organic corrosion inhibitors; an epoxy-coated bar with a primer containing microencapsulated calcium nitrite; the three epoxy-coated bars with improved adhesion combined with the corrosion inhibitor calcium nitrite; and multiple coated bars with an initial 50-μm (2-mil) coating of 98 percent zinc and 2 percent aluminum followed by a conventional epoxy-coating. The systems are compared with conventional uncoated reinforcement and conventional epoxy-coated reinforcement. The results presented in this report represent the findings obtained during the first half of a 5-year study that includes longer-term ASTM G 109 and field tests. In the short-term tests used to date, the epoxy-coatings evaluated provide superior corrosion protection to the reinforcing steel. The results also indicate that the bars will continue to perform well in the longer term, although the tests do not evaluate the effects of long-term reductions in the bond between the epoxy and the reinforcing steel. The corrosion rate on the exposed regions of damaged epoxy-coated reinforcement is somewhat higher than the average corrosion rate on the surface of uncoated reinforcement subjected to similar exposure conditions. The use of concrete with a reduced water-cement ratio improves the corrosion performance of both conventional and epoxy-coated reinforcement in uncracked concrete but has little effect in cracked concrete. Increased adhesion between the epoxy and reinforcing steel provides no significant improvement in the corrosion resistance of epoxy-coated reinforcement. It appears that corrosion inhibitors in concrete and the primer coating containing microencapsulated calcium nitrite improve the corrosion resistance of the epoxy-coated steel in uncracked concrete, but not in cracked concrete. The zinc coating on the multiple coated bars acts as a sacrificial barrier and provides some corrosion protection to the underlying steel in both uncracked and cracked concrete. The degree of protection, however, cannot be evaluated based on the results available to date.
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- Bond Characteristics of High-Strength Lightweight Concrete
- D.W. Mitchell
- ACI Structural Journal
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Concrete structures
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- Guide to Concrete for Housing
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- CCAA T53. Cement Concrete & Aggregates Australia
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Concrete structures
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- Application Of Laser Shearography For Detecting Microcracks In Concrete
- H. Khong
- MSc Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Maryland
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Concrete structures
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- Characterization of Damage in Mortar and Concrete Specimens due to Delayed Ettringite Formation (DEF)
- J. Ceesay
- PhD Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Maryland
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Concrete structures
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- Critical factors governing the fire performance of high strength concrete systems
- V.K.R. Kodura ; L.T. Phan
- Fire Safety Journal 42, pp. 482?488. Elsevier Ltd
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Concrete structures
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- Investigation of Deep Beams with Various Load Configurations
- M.C. Brown ; O. Bayrak
- ACI Structural Journal
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Concrete structures
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- Transfer Length, Development Length, Flexural Strength, and Prestress Loss Evaluation in Pretensioned Self-Consolidating Concrete Members
- J.D. Trent
- MSc Thesis. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Blacksburg, Virginia
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Concrete structures
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- Evaluating Air-Entraining Admixtures for Highway Concrete
- M.A. Nagi ; P.A. Okamoto ; R.L. Kozikowski ; K. Hover
- NCHRP Report 578. Transportation Research Board. National Cooperative Highway Research Program. Washington
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Concrete structures
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- Corrosion Resistant Alloys for Reinforced Concrete
- W.H. Hartt ; R.G. Powers ; D.K. Lysogorski ; V. Liroux ; Y.P. Virmani
- Report No: FHWA-HRT-07-039. Federal Highway Administration, US Department of Transportation, Office of Infrastructure Research and Development
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Concrete structures
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